So I looked her up some at www.wikipedia.org after seeing repeats of the History Channel's Vampire Secrets, I'm watching it right now. And I'm interested in her story. She was a serial killer and killed tons of young women when she started to feel old at 30. I know she was engaged at age eleven and married at fifteen. :snob: but is there more to the storry? :halloween4: :halloween5:
BTW: we need vampire emoticons.
Or I should say Countess Elizabeth Bathory.
isn't bathory.org the website that person talking about Camila Medici put at the end of their post? :shrug:
here's a post with the quote in it.. (http://theinternetforum.net/royalforum/index.php?topic=29257.msg649486#msg649486)
funny i saw the same thing that sparked my surprise...
Princess Ulrika Eleonora was a sister of King Charles XII of Sweden.
She had an older sister Hedvig Sofia. Hedvig Sofia died in 1708. Ulrika became the heiress to the Swedish throne.
In 1715 she married Frederick of Hesse-Kassel.
In 1718 Ulrika Eleonora became Queen Regnant of Sweden.
In 1720 she abdicated the throne. Her husband became King Frederick I.
During her 1715 wedding to Frederick of Hesse-Kassel, Ulrika Eleonora's brother King Charles XII declared that his sister was dancing away the crown. :windsor1:
Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies, Queen of Spain | Unofficial Royalty (http://www.unofficialroyalty.com/maria-christina-of-the-two-sicilies-queen-of-spain/)
QuoteThe fourth wife of King Ferdinand VII of Spain and the wife who finally gave him an heir, Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (Italian: Maria Cristina Ferdinanda) was born in Palermo, Sicily on April 27, 1806. She was the second of the twelve children of King Francis I of the Two Sicilies and his second wife Infanta María Isabella of Spain, sister of King Ferdinand VII of Spain.
Maria Christina had two half siblings from her father's first marriage to Maria Clementina of Austria:
Originally titled Her Royal Highness, Princess Maria Christina of Naples and Sicily, on December 18, 1816 her title was changed to Princess of Bourbon-Two Sicilies when her father changed the name of his kingdom.
Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands
Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands - YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TT-GgrMwSzM)
Quote from: Jennifer on November 23, 2015, 02:22:33 PM
Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands
Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands - YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TT-GgrMwSzM)
It was wonderful to see actual footage of Queen Wilhelmina accepting flowers from the people as she went on her walkabout.
I also like that film of Queen Wilhelmina accepting the flowers from the people too. It's sad that she had to flee the Netherlands when Nazi Germany invaded the country in 1940. She went on to live in the U.K and was in charge of the Dutch government in exile. She had broadcasted messages to the Dutch people about plans to save the Netherlands from the Nazis. She had to remove Prime Minister Dirk Jan de Geer from office because he had plans to make negotiations with the Nazis. Later on, she returned to the Netherlands to change the political system and help the resistance supporters (the people who were against the Nazis and their plans to invade The Netherlands) have a safer country.
James I reigned as King of Scotland from 1406 to 1437. He wrote The Kingis Quair [The King's Book] which was poetry that told of his captivity and his romance with Joan Beaufort.
QuoteWar Archives Wilhelmina public
The Netherlands starts next Tuesday read what Queen Wilhelmina did during World War II, and was decided. The archives of the Office of the King during the war will be made public. The National Archives has it announced Monday.
The Archive has already published two pages of Wilhelmina. It is a letter to Willem Schermerhorn, the first postwar prime minister and Social Democrat leader Willem Drees.
Read more translated:
https://translate.google.nl/translate?hl=nl&sl=nl&tl=en&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eo.nl%2Fblauwbloed%2Fartikel-detail%2Foorlogsarchieven-wilhelmina-openbaar%2F
According to The New York Times, Wilhelmina was reportedly engaged to Prince Louis Napoleon, Victor Emmanuel, the Crown Prince of Italy, and King Alexander of Serbia.
QuoteWar Letters of Wilhelmina public
All letters and notes written by Queen Wilhelmina during WWII, are public Tuesday. So they are no longer secret. The letters to the queen are shown in. The National Archives in The Hague gives the pieces free. The list also includes documents referred to the Secret Archives.
Wilhelmina spent most of the war in London. She reigned in exile, after Nazi Germany had conquered Netherlands. But also letters and other pieces immediately after the liberation become public. Wilhelmina and her ministers were then returned to the Netherlands.
Read more translated:
https://translate.google.nl/translate?sl=nl&tl=en&js=y&prev=_t&hl=nl&ie=UTF-8&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eo.nl%2Fblauwbloed%2Fartikel-detail%2Foorlogsbrieven-van-wilhelmina-openbaar%2F&edit-text=
"Comfort and joy (Comfort et liesse)" was the motto of King Edward IV of England.
"Loyalty binds me (Loyautte me lie)" was the motto of King Richard III of England.
"None other" was the motto of Edmund, the first Duke of York. Edmund of Langley (1341-1402) was the son of King Edward III of England.
"I Gud mitt öde - Han skall göra det (In God my destiny - He shall do it)" was the motto of King Karl X Gustaf of Sweden who reigned 1654 to 1660.
"Intet uden Gud (Nothing without God)" was the motto of King Frederick II of Denmark who reigned 1559 to 1588.
King Afonso IV of Portugal (1291-1357) was called the Brave.
King Ferdinand VII of Spain (1784-1833) was called the Desired.
King Haakon I of Norway (c. 920-961) was called the Good.
:royalsneeze: :windsor1: :royalsneeze: :windsor1: :hemademe: :hemademe: :hemademe: :crown: :crown:
King Kenneth III of Scotland (before 967-1005) was called the Chief.
King Matthias I of Hungary (1443-1490) was called the Just.
King Philip I of Spain (1478-1506) was called the Handsome.
Count Fulk V of Anjou (c. 1089/92-1143) was called Yellow.
Frederick II, Duke of Austria (1211-1246) was called the Warlike.
Casimir I of Poland (1016-1058) was called the Restorer.
King Henry I of Portugal (1512-1580) was called the Chaste.
Selim I of the Ottoman Empire (1465-1520) was called the Grim.
Isabel of Brazil (1846-1921) was the Princess Imperial of Brazil. She was called the Redemptress.
King Edward I of England (1239-1307) was called the Hammer of the Scots.
King Ladislaus of Naples (1377-1414) was called the Magnanimous.
William V, Duke of Bavaria (1548-1626) was called the Pious.
King Magnus III of Sweden (1240-1290) was called the Barn-Lock.
Edward, The Prince of Wales (1330-1376) was called the Black Prince.
King Peter I of Portugal (1320-1367) was called the Cruel.
King Charles IV of Spain (1748-1819) was called the Affable.
Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II (1741-1790) was called the Emperor-Sacristan.
Albert II, Duke of Mecklenburg (1318-1379) was called the Lion.
King William IV of Great Britain (1765-1837) was known as the Sailor King.
King Louis V of France (966/67-987) was called Louis the Do-Nothing.
Alan II, Duke of Brittany (died 952) was nicknamed Twistedbeard.
King Coloman of Hungary (1070-1116) was called the Bookish.
King Edmund I of England (921-946) was called the Deed-doer.
Back then, perventine was used by people for medical purposes, not for recreational drug use. I don't believe Queen Wilhelmina would use it just for pleasure or entertainment. There was not much knowledge about how lethal perventine was and people thought it was only acceptable to use the drug cure their pains.
QuoteQueen Wilhelmina used drugs during the Second World War
Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands used the drug perventine, now better known as crystal meth, during the Second World War. It is reported by Marcel Verburg, who is a legal historian, in his new book about the history of the Ministry of Justice during the years 1940 to 1945.
He is not the first to report the drug use, but he is the first to draw significant attention to it. Cees Fasseur, a royal historian, who died earlier this year, also mentioned it. The drug use may account for the radical change in Wilhelmina's style of government, which was once attributed to her Romanov ancestors. It is possibly that Queen Wilhelmina made strange decisions or delayed decisions as a result of the drug use. During the war pervetine was sometimes used by soldiers for exhaustion and it was also used as pain medication.
Read more:
Queen Wilhelmina used drugs during the Second World War – Royal Central (http://royalcentral.co.uk/historic/queen-wilhelmina-used-drugs-during-the-second-world-war-61679)
King Eric III of Denmark (c. 1120-27-1146) was called the Lamb.
Ivan I (1288-1340 or 1341) was Prince of Moscow and Grand Prince of Vladimir. He was called Moneybags.
Louis IV of Germany was Holy Roman Emperor from 1328 to 1347. He was called the Bavarian.
Béla II was King of Hungary from 1131 to 1141. He was called the Blind.
King Alfonso I of Aragon (1073/1074-1134) was called the Battler or the Warrior.
King Haakon II of Norway (1147-1162) was called the Broad-shouldered.
William of Austria (1370-1406) ruled the Austrian duchies of Carinthia, Styria, and Carniola. He was known as William the Courteous.
Dietrich of Oldenburg (1398-1440) was the father of King Christian I of Denmark. Dietrich was nicknamed the Fortunate.
Charles I, Count of Flanders (1084-1127) was called the Good.
King Juan I of Aragon (1350-1396) was called the Lover of Elegance.
Hugh Capet was King of the Franks from 987 to 996. He was nicknamed Wearing-a-Cape.
Ottokar II was King of Bohemia from1253 to 1278. He was nicknamed the Iron and Golden King. :king: :king: :king: :king: :king: :king: :king: :king: :king:
:king:
King Alfonso X of Castile (1221-1284) was nicknamed the Astrologer.
King Peter (Pedro) IV of Aragon (1319-1387) was called the Ceremonious.
John George I was Elector of Saxony from 1611 to 1656. He was referred to as Beer-Jug. :partaay: :partaay: :partaay:
Eric I was King of Denmark from 1095 to 1103. He was called the Kind-Hearted. :vday4: :vday4:
King Charles VII of France was named the Little King of Bourges when he was in the Berry province of France.
Princess Louise-Hippolyte of Monaco was called Coco.
Her sister Princess Marguerite-Camille was called Poupon. Her sister Princess Marie-Pelline was called Chabeuil.
Infante John (1400-1442) was a Portuguese infante (prince). He was the son of King John I of Portugal and his wife Philippa of Lancaster. He was called the Constable Prince.
Canute IV was King of Denmark from 1080 until 1086. He was known as Canute the Holy.
Princess Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Queen of Prussia was the wife of King Frederick William III of Prussia.
She was called the Queen of Hearts.
:wub: :wub: :blowkiss: :hearts: :hearts: :hearts: :hearts:
After the end of the Second World War, King Haakon VII and the Norwegian Royal Fasmily returned to Norway aboard the cruiser
HMS Norfolk on June 7, 1945.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JsHanmmGRMQ
Princess Charlotte of Prussia, Duchess of Saxe-Meiningein (1860-1919) was called Charley the Pretender by her brother, Emperor Wilhelm II of Germany.s
Vladimir I reigned as Grand Prince of Kiev from 980 to 1015. He was referred to as Vladimir the Apostle.
Alfonso X was the King of Castile from 1252 until 1284. He was called the Astrologer.
It was interesting to learn that after her marriage, Countess Elizabeth kept her maiden name of Bathory. Her husband added Bathory to his surname. He was then Ferenc Bathory-Nadassy.
King Haakon inspected Norwegiann sailors in training with the Royal Navy in 1941.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cL9xDixjNRM
William I, Prince of Orange (1533-1584) was known as William the Silent.
Philip V was King of France from 1316 to 1322. He was referred to as Philip the Tall (Philippe le Long).
Dietrich, Count of Oldenburg (1398-1440) was nicknamed Theodoric the Lucky or Fortunate.
Ladislaus (Laszlo) I of Hungary reigned as King from 1077 to 1095. He was called the Most Elegant King.
Dark Age kings of northern Britain Coel Hen the Old (maybe Old King Cole) Gugust the Ragged, Merchiaun the Lean.
Kings of the Western Isles (Isle of Man etc) Ketil Flatnose, son of Bjorn Roughfoot. Godred White-hands. Harald Sletmali (smooth talker) Earl (ruler) of Orkney. Paul the Silent Earl of Orkney.
Eric Bloodaxe King of Norway. Ivarr the Boneless, ruler of the Danish kingdom of Jorvik around York. Sitric the Squinteyed, grandson of Ivarr.
Edwy All-fair King of the English, Edgar the Peacable, King of Mercia and Northumbria.
Queen Victoria's uncle, Ernest Augustus (1771-1851) had the title of Duke of Cumberland. In 1837 he became the King of Hanover.
Was he no longer the Duke of Cumberland?
He was. The Cumberland dukedom remained one of the titles of the Kings of Hanover until it was put into abeyance as a British dukedom by King George V in 1917, together with a whole host of Germanic titles borne by various members of the Royal family and their relatives, the Prince Louis Battenburgs for instance, (Prince Philip's grandparents) and those living in Germany and serving in their armed forces. The Cumberland/Teviotdale titles are still in abeyance but Ernst Augustus, the head of the House of Hanover, can apply for his British titles to be returned to him at any time as did his father when he was alive, and it would be considered.
Neither have done so, though, as a descendant of Sophia of Hanover and therefore in the line of succession to the British throne, Ernst August did write to the Queen asking formally for her consent to his marriage to Caroline of Monaco. It was granted. (That procedure is no longer required as it's been limited to the first six in succession, but it was in operation then.)
One German prince wrote to King George VI towards the end of the war asking permission to marry one of Prince Philip's sisters, as he too was in the line of succession. As the two countries were at war at the time the King didn't feel it was appropriate to officially answer. However, the King and Queen had a lot of links with royals in neutral countries and no doubt through them and Victoria Milford Haven (ex Battenburg) who was the bride's grandmother, their good wishes were sent anyway.
I don't suppose Ernst of Hanover wants a british title.. although he did politely ask for permission to marry Carolne of Monaco.
but if its not liklely that his family will be officially restored, couldn't the title be considered again for britsih Royals?
No, the Cumberland title is considered permanently suspended, but the House of Hanover has first rights to it. I think Ernst Augustus's father did do some preliminary work on claiming it again decades ago but it never got any further. It's got an awful history anyway--'Butcher' Cumberland, you can imagine how the Scots would react if any Royal duke today was given it, Ernest Scarface, George III's son who was accused of murdering his valet and plotting against his niece Victoria, (gossip only, but nevertheless) and George his son, the King of Hanover, who went completely blind after an accident as a teenager.
Double post auto-merged: April 30, 2017, 07:52:09 AM
I think Charles gets his biographies checked, I think he got burned over the Dimbleby bio years ago. He's insisted on vetting and meeting his last two biographers, both female Americans!
Tiggy hasn't been an employee of Charles's since 1999. George's first birthday was in 2014. I think Tiggy is now regarded as a friend but perhaps more of a friend to William and Harry since Camilla apparently doesn't care for her very much. Nevertheless, I think if she approached Charles about his grandson in a calm, tactful and sympathetic manner he would listen.
As far as his employees and ex employees go there are some extraordinary stories about Charles's behaviour towards them. I'm rereading Bradford at the moment and the Duchess of Westminster describes how Charles didn't speak to her for the entire weekend when they were house guests together after she mentioned his disastrous Dimbleby interview, and how he bullied his private secretary over the way the Dimbleby interview had been received, shouting over the dinner table according to one witness that it was this man's fault, pointing his finger at him and snarling 'He made me do it!' It was Charles who had allowed himself to be persuaded by Jonathon Dimbleby to do that interview and it was no-one's responsibility but his.
I don't think you meant the second post to be on this thread.
however re Cumberland I had forgotten about the Scots and WIliam Duke of Cumberland.. but poor George King of hanover. what has he done that makes the title a "bad one?"
I don't know anything wrong about him, he was blinded in an accident...
No, I absentmindedly messed up, thinking of something else! :P
I didn't mean George's blindness in a sense of his being a bad man, I'm sure he wasn't, simply that good fortune never really accompanied this dukedom and so, it's probably better staying in abeyance.
so that's Clarence out, and Cumberland.. Albany is in dispute. Connaught is in the Irish republic! I believe that there was as shrot lived Stuart baby, maybe one fo James II's lot? who was styled duke of Kendal.... that sounds nice
Yes, I think Duke of Kendal sounds very nice. I believe the town is in Cumbria isn't it, used to be Westmorland? I do think the BRF could be a bit more imaginative with its Dukedoms, especially as a couple of the old ones are not going to be Royal in the next generation.
No idea where ANY of these places are (except Connaught!). I rarely go outside London. but I do think that there should be a historical association wit the RF if they are going to keep up the tradition.
The title in full is Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale. Cumberland is after the county of Cumberland, England.
How is Teviotdale part of the title?
Geoffrey III of Anjou was Count of Anjou from 1060 to 1068. He was called le Barbu (the Bearded).
Louis I was King of the Franks from 814 to 840. He was called the Debonaire.
King Alfonso X of Castile reigned from 1252 to 1284. He was called the Astrologer.
Boleslaw II of Poland was King of Poland from 1076 to 1079. He was called the Generous.
Vladislav was the King of Serbia from 1234 to 1243. He was referred to as the Crowned.
Charles III was King of Spain from 1759 to 1788. He was called the Enlightened.
When Prince Carl of Denmark became King of Norway, how did he select Haakon as his regnal name?
It was an old Norse name that hadn't been used by a ruler in over 500 years.
QuoteAfter the referendum overwhelmingly confirmed by a 79 percent majority (259,563 votes for and 69,264 against)[4] that Norwegians desired to retain a monarchy, Prince Carl was formally offered the throne of Norway by the Storting (parliament) and was elected on 18 November 1905. When Carl accepted the offer that same evening (after the approval of his grandfather Christian IX of Denmark), he immediately endeared himself to his adopted country by taking the Old Norse name of Haakon, a name which had not been used by kings of Norway for over 500 years.[5] In so doing, he succeeded his great-uncle, Oscar II of Sweden, who had abdicated the Norwegian throne in October following the agreement between Sweden and Norway on the terms of the separation of the union.
From Wikipedia
A regnal name is a formal name which refers to the years of the reign of a monarch.
What do you think will be the regnal names of future rulers?
For Spain: Sancho, Henry
Sancho VII was the King of Navarre from 1194 to 1234.
Henry IV was the King of Castile from 1454 to 1474.
Ulrika Eleonora was the godmother of Princess Louise Ulrika of Prussia, who was given the name Ulrika after her.
For Prince of Liechtenstein: Karl and Anton Florian
For Grand Duke of Oldenburg: Friedrich Augustus and Nikolaus
The motto of King Ferdinand V and Queen Isabella I of Spain: Tanto monta, monta tanto
An explanation of the equality of the monarchs: It's one and the same, Isabella the same as Ferdinand.
For Emperor of Austria: Maximilian and Rudolph
For Kings of Sweden: Eric, Magnus, John (Johan)
King Edward the Confessor of England reigned from 1042 to 1066. His byname the Confessor comes from the religious devotion of his later years.
For Kings of Norway: Magnus
Magnus VII was King of Norway from 1319 to 1343.
Ivaylo was the Tsar of Bulgaria from 1278 to 1279. He was nicknamed Bardokva ("radish" or "lettuce" in Bulgarian).
Anund Jacob (1008-1051) was King of Sweden from 1022 until 1051. He is called the Coal-Burner.
Alfonso I of Aragon was the King of Aragon from 1104 to 1134. He was called the Battler.
:polo: :polo: :polo: :polo: :polo: :polo: :polo: :polo: :polo: :polo: :polo: :polo:
King George IV of Great Britain was referred to as The Prince of Whales.
King Louis VII of France reigned from 1137 until 1180. He was called the Younger.
Frederick II (1211-1246) was Duke of Austria and Styria from 1230 to 1246. He was known as Frederick the Warlike.
Selim I was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1512 to 1520. He was known as Selim the Resolute.
Haakon IV of Norway was the King of Norway from 1217 to 1263. He is sometimes called Haakon the Old.
:xmarksit: :xmarksit: :xmarksit: :xmarksit: :xmarksit: :xmarksit: :xmarksit:
Peter II was the King of Portugal from 1683 until 1706. He was nicknamed the Pacific.
John I was the King of Aragon from 1388 until 1396. He was called the Abandoned. :o :no: :( :o :(
Valdemar II was the King of Denmark from 1202 until 1241. He was called the Victorious.
Stephen I (c. 975-1038) was the last Grand Prince of the Hungarians between 997 and 1000 or 1001 and the first King of Hungary from 1000 to 1001 until 1038.
He was the son of Grand Prince Geza. He was crowned King on December 25, 1000 or January 1, 1001.
Queen Wilhelmina took the Oath of the Constitution on August 1, 1898.
QUEEN WILHELMINA of the Netherlands takes the Oath of the Stock Photo: 21201034 - Alamy (http://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-queen-wilhelmina-of-the-netherlands-takes-the-oath-of-the-constitution-21201034.html)
The following names could be used for Infantas of Spain: Urraca, Sancha, and Constance
These were names of Queen Consorts.
The last name, perhaps. I can't see modern Spanish royals using Urraca or Sancha for their daughters.
Vladimir I of Kiev was the Grand Prince of Kiev from 969 to 977. He was called the Apostle.
:polo: :polo: :polo: :polo: :polo: :polo: :polo: :polo: :polo: :polo: :polo: :polo: :polo: :polo:
King Emund of Sweden reigned from 1050 to 1060. He was known as Emund the Old.
I would like to see the name of Teodosio used for a future Prince/King of Portugal. Teodosio, Duke of Braganza (1634-1653) was the heir apparent of King John IV of Portugal. He died at only 19 years of age.
"Med Gud och segrande vapen" (With God and victorious arms) was the motto of King Gustav II Adolf of Sweden who reigned from 1611 to 1632.
Alfonso XI of Castile was King of Castile and Leon from 1312 to 1350. He was called the Avenger.
:mad23: :mad23: :mad23: :mad23:
Philip VI (1293-1350) was King of France from 1328 to 1350. He was called the Fortunate.
It was through Stephen's mother Adelaide's efforts that St. Adalbert, Archbishop of Prague, came to Hungary and, in 985, baptized her husband and their son Vaik. Vaik took the name of Stephen in baptism.
Gustav III was King of Sweden from 1771 until 1792. He was called The Theater King.
Maximilian I was Holy Roman Emperor from 1508 to 1519. He was called The Last Knight.
King Louis XVI of France was called "the Last" (French: le Dernier). He reigned from 1774 until 1792.
King Magnus VI of Norway was called "the Lawgiver". He reigned from 1263 until 1280.
Coloman (1070-1116) was King of Hungary from 1095 to 1116. He was called the Bookish.
Peter (Pedro) IV (1319-1387) reigned as King of Aragon from 1336 until 1387. He was called the Ceremonious.
:booknerd: :booknerd: :booknerd: :booknerd: :booknerd:
For England, Henry could be used.
When William (IV) became King, he wanted his regnal name to be Henry IX. His full name was William Henry.
Magnus III (1240-1290) was King of Sweden from 1275 until 1290. He was called Barn-Lock.
Frederick I (1175-1198) was the Duke of Austria from 1195 to 1198. He was known as Frederick the Catholic.
Istvan (Stephen) I converted the Magyars to Christianity. His envoy the Archbishop Astricius obtained from Pope Silvester II the title of 'Apostolic King'.
Istvan I (Saint Stephen), converts the Magyars to Christianity Stock Photo: 105319323 - Alamy (http://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-istvan-i-saint-stephen-converts-the-magyars-to-christianity-his-envoy-105319323.html)
James II was the King of Aragon from 1291 to 1327. He was called the Just.
Magnus I was the King of Norway from 1035 to 1047. He was known as Magnus the Good.
Joanna of Castile gazing at Philip I of Castile
Juana la Loca gazing upon the body of her dead husband Felipe el Stock Photo: 835381 - Alamy (http://www.alamy.com/juana-la-loca-gazing-upon-the-boidy-of-her-dead-husband-felipe-el-hermoso-image835381.html)
Poor Juana.. mental illness was so poorly understood then.
But was Juana really mad? Or is it all propaganda?
Grief and Coffins: Was Juana of Castile really mad? (https://onthetudortrail.com/Blog/2010/11/13/grief-and-coffins-was-juana-of-castile-really-mad/)
Did her father King Ferdinand V think that Juana was mad?
George V, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg (1620-1623) was called The Old.
Robert II was King of the Franks from 996 to 1031. He was called the Pious.
Joan Beaufort was a daughter of John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset. On February 12, 1424, Joan Beaufort and King James I were wed at St. Mary Overie Church in Southwark.
Magnus III was King of Sweden from 1275 until 1296. He was referred to as "Barn-Lock".
:coach: :coach: :coach: :coach: :coach: :coach: :coach: :coach: :coach: :coach: :coach: :coach:
Haakon II was King of Norway from 1157 until 1162. His nickname Herdebrei means broad-shouldered.
Three Kings of Sweden were Gustav Adolf: Gustav II Adolf, Gustav IV Adolf, Gustav VI Adolf. Do you think that Adolf will be used as a future Swedish royal name?
Not with its connotations of a certain dead German dictator, no!
Plus royals all over the world have picked more modern forenames for their children for at least two decades now, or if they have chosen more traditional names they have been non-contentious ones.
A RF that chose non Swedish names like Estelle, Alexander and Gabriel (or Madelaine for that matter) for their babies are hardly likely to go back to an oldfashioned name with terrible associations in the future. (Even in Germany I would bet that the percentage of male babies christened Adolf since 1945 would be less than 1%.)
Double post auto-merged: November 24, 2019, 12:31:10 AM
'Is it ever OK to name your child Adolf! An article about German parents but applicable in Sweden, where the King (although the country was neutral in both World Wars) was by no means unfriendly towards Nazi Germany. Nor was his grandson, the present King's father. IMO most modern Swedes would protest if any of the King's children had another son and named him Adolf, (which they wouldn't.) In Northern and Central Europe the forename Adolf has virtually disappeared.
Will it ever be OK to call your child Adolf? - Independent.ie (https://www.independent.ie/world-news/europe/will-it-ever-be-ok-to-call-your-child-adolf-37164083.html)
King Haakon VII with Queen Maud and Crown Prince Olav embarked at Dover to return to Norway.
King Haakon VII of Norway (1872-1957) and Queen Maud (1869-1938 Stock Photo: 169317203 - Alamy (http://www.alamy.com/stock-image-king-haakon-vii-of-norway-1872-1957-and-queen-maud-1869-1938-together-169317203.html)
Charles VIII was King of France from 1483 to 1498. He was called the Affable.
Louis IV reigned as Holy Roman Emperor from 1328 to 1347. He was called the Bavarian.
:snowflake: :snowflake: :snowflake: :snowflake: :snowflake: :snowflake: :snowflake: :snowflake:
King Miguel I was the King of Portugal from 1828 to 1834. He was nicknamed The Traditionalist.
Louis VII (1120-1180) was King of France from 1137 to 1180. He was called the Younger or the Young.
Landgrave William IV of Hesse-Kassel (1532-1592) was called William the Wise.
Margaret II, Countess of Flanders (1202-1280) ruled during 1244 to 1278. She was called the Black.
King Charles III of Spain reigned from 1759 to 1788. He was called the Enlightened.
For Kings of Italy: Charles Felix
Charles Felix was King of Sardinia from 1821 to 1831.
King Robert I of Scotland reigned from 1306 to 1329. He was popularly known as Robert the Bruce.
Eric I was King of Denmark from 1095 to 1103. He was known as Eric the Kind-Hearted.
Frederick III was Landgrave of Thuringia from 1349 to 1381. His nickname was The Strict.
For Great Britain: Frederick
Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales was the son of King George II and the father of King George III.
William, Duke of Austria (c.1370-1406) was known as William the Courteous.
John was Elector of Saxony from 1525 until 1532. He is known as Johann the Steadfast or Johann the Constant.
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Ferdinand II was King of Portugal jure uxoris from 1837 to 1853. He was known as the Artist-King.
Philip IV was King of Spain from 1621 to 1665. He was referred to as "The Oppressor".
King Philip III of France, called the Bold, was King of France from 1270 until 1285.
Louis IV (1282-1347) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1328 to 1347. He was called the Bavarian.
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Part 2 of a thread dedicated to discussion on a wide variety of royal topics
Stephen V (Istvan V) of Hungary was King of Hungary from 1270 to 1272. He was the son of King Bela IV of Hungary.
Stephen forced his father to cede all the lands of the Kingdom of Hungary to the east of the Danube to him and adopted the title of junior king in 1262.
King Karl XIII of Sweden was married to Hedwig Elizabeth Charlotte of Holstein-Gottorp (1759-1818).
Gods and Foolish Grandeur: Queen Hedwig's wedding dress (http://www.godsandfoolishgrandeur.blogspot.com/2013/09/queen-hedwigs-wedding-dress.html)
The Treaty of Cambrai was signed on August 5, 1529 between Francis I of France and Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, ending France's involvement in the Italian Wars. The treaty is also known as "The Ladies' Peace" because Louise of Savoy, Francis' mother, and Margaret of Austria, Charles' aunt negotiated it.
Joanna of Castile's Spanish household was being replaced by Flemish women who spied on her for her husband Philip.
King Edward VII of England wanted his youngest daughter Maud and his Danish son-in-law Charles to occupy the Norwegian throne. This was opposed by the Kaiser who considered one of his six sons eminently qualified for the role.
I doubt most monarchs would not have loved for their younger child to gain another throne.
Oddly Oscar II didnt. The original plan seemed to be to offer one of his younger sons the throne. He turned down that plan in October 1905.
Presumably Prince Carl of Vastergotland would have taken the throne.His eldest brother was Oscar II's heir and his second brother Oscar had already given up succession rights to marry a commoner a decade before. Carl being the son of the former king of Norway,and having a royal wife from Denmark, would have been a wise choice. Instead his second daughter Martha would end up Crown Princess of Norway by marriage an his grandson is now Harald V. His only son lost his succession rights and only had a daughter but things would have been different if his father had been King of Norway. Prince Carl as crown prince would have been more pressured to marry a royal.
The next obvious was to look to anyone else with a blood claim, even in the female line. Oscar I had four sons. Oscar II was the only one of 4 brothers who had a son survive past age 2 (2 had no children). His daughter Eugenie never married.
Oscar II did have one niece though, his elder brother Charles XV's daughter Louise. Louise was married to the future Frederick VIII of Denmark (he succeeded the throne in 1906). Her and her husband had 8 children. Her sons were the obvious choice. Her oldest son Christian would be king of Denmark, so her second son Carl was the obvious choice.His marriage to a British princess sweetened the pot.
Wilhelm may have been powerful and had ambitions but his sons had no claim. Their closest Scandinavian roots was their mother Augusta Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein's great-grandmother Princess Louise Auguste of Denmark (but even though she was recognized as daughter of Christian VII she was a product of her mother's affair).
In 1644 King Charles II of England gave the titles of Duke of Cumberland and Earl of Holdness to his cousin, Prince Rupert, Count Palatine of the Rhine.
Was Countess Elizabeth Bathory innocent?
The Blood Countess: Elizabeth Bathory - YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Iv2O0FWM0M)
King Ferdinand VII of Spain's fourth wife Maria Cristina was particularly open to a liberal constitution and had support among the army.
The Royal motto of King Christian III of Norway, who reigned 1537 to 1559, is Skje Herrens vilje (The Lord's will be done).
Queen Wilhelmina toured the city of Amsterdam in 1900.
City tour of Queen Wilhelmina of Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Anonymous, 1900 Stock Photo - Alamy (http://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-city-tour-of-queen-wilhelmina-of-amsterdam-123321461.html)
Margaret of Provence, Queen of France was the spouse of King Louis IX of France, who reigned from 1226 to 1270. When Louis was captured, Margaret became the leader of the crusade. She oversaw negotiations for his release.
Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian II was one of the rulers who founded The League of Cambrai (1508-1510). The purpose was to stop the territorial designs of the Republic of Venice.
King Gustav VI Adolf of Sweden received an honorary doctorate at Lund University in 1918. In 1926 he received an honorary doctorate at Yale, Princeton and Clark Universities.
The Proclamation Day of King Manuel II of Portugal was February 2, 1910.
D.Manuel II - o dia da aclama??o/King Manuel II of Portugal Proclamation Day - YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NUv_b6FaLtw)
Prince Alexander zu Schaumburg-Lippe is a jazz pianist. His friend Prince Karl Friedrich is a saxophonist.
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The Barcsays are among the oldest families in Transylvania.
Arkos Barcsay Prince of Transylvania (1610-1661) acted as Regent during Prince George II Rakoczy's Polish campaign in 1657.
King Stephen I of Hungary abolished pagan customs. He established monasteries and aided in efforts to convert the common people.
Three months after her husband's demise, Queen Maria Christina married again. She secretly married Augustin Fernando Munoz. He was a former member of the royal guard. They had nine children.
For Monaco: Honore
Honore V was the Sovereign Prince of Monaco from 1819 to 1841.
In July 1806 Count Charles Louis William of Isenburg-Meerholz lost his status of Imperial immediate ruler when all of his possessions were mediatized by the Confederation of the Rhine Act.
Princess Patricia of Connaught was a talented artist, often painting botanical studies. Her cousin Princess Marie Louise recounted in her memoirs that Patricia was a gifted and brilliant artist.
Ladies in Waiting
What were these Ladies Waiting for?
Royalty 101: What is a Lady in Waiting? - YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fOj6eSAqcho)
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Through her mother Margaret Holland, Joan was related to King Edward I of England. Through her father John Beaufort, Joan was related to King Edward III of England.
On February 19, 1719, the Instrument of Government was signed.
Why was an Instrument of Government necessary for Ulrika Eleonora to be Queen Regnant?
Because she was not the clear heir to the throne. It showed the estates support of her claim.
The previous monarch was her brother Charles XII. Her brother never married and didn't even have any known illegitimate children.All four of his younger brothers had died before age 2. Only his two sisters married.
The elder sister Hedwig Sophia died in 1708. She had been married to Frederick IV, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp and had one son Charles Frederick. There was support for the election of her son Charles to succeed his Uncle.
Ulrika Eleanora claimed the throne should be hers based on her sister not receiving proper permission for her marriage. Her nephew Charles Frederick and his support stated that due to the absolute monarchy, that permission wasnt needed, and his claim was valid. The instrument of government were required to prove she had the rightful claim in the eyes of the government.
Eventually it came full circle almost anyways. Like her brother Ulrika Eleanora had no heir. Charles Frederick on the other hand had married Grand Duchess Anna Petrovna of Russia and had a son Peter. Peter would have been the logical heir to Ulrika. Instead Peter's maternal aunt, who became Empress Elisabeth of Russia, claimed Peter as her heir. He would become Peter III of Russia.
Would it not have been interesting if Grand Duke Peter had been able to keep his claim to the Swedish throne and could have been King of Sweden as well as Emperor (Tsar) Peter III of Russia?
April 24, 1865 is the day on which occurred the demise of Tsarevich Nicholas Alexandrovich of Russia in Nice, France. If he had not predeceased his father, Nicholas would have become Tsar Nicholas II. Also, Nicholas would have married Princess Dagmar of Denmark.
Tsar Simeon I of Bulgaria took for himself the title of "Tsar of All the Bulgarians" in 925. He raised the archbishop of Bulgaria to the rank of a patriarch.
Hadrian was Emperor of Rome. He ruled from 117 AD to 138 AD. Hadrian was interested in his male lovers.
Quote from: LouisFerdinand on June 07, 2022, 10:26:35 PM
Hadrian was Emperor of Rome. He ruled from 117 AD to 138 AD. Hadrian was interested in his male lovers.
Well, I suppose if they were installed as his lovers he would be interested.
Quote from: Curryong on June 07, 2022, 10:46:47 PM
Well, I suppose if they were installed as his lovers he would be interested.
If the men were installed as Hadrian's lovers, was this action not opposed by the Christian faith?
Quote from: LouisFerdinand on June 09, 2022, 10:23:19 PM
If the men were installed as Hadrian's lovers, was this action not opposed by the Christian faith?
There have been countless rulers through history who have had mistresses and male lovers causing attacks on them by the Church. Did it stop their activities? No! And anyway, although Hadrian was an enemy to the Jews and was somewhat tolerant to Christianity he was unlikely to have taken any notice of what Christians said. He was a great admirer of Greek culture which was certainly not Christian, and he was a pagan at heart.
Prince Franz Joseph was regent for four months for his granduncle Sovereign Prince Franz I of Liechtenstein. Franz Joseph was made regent on March 31, 1938.
According to one magazine, while still on the throne, Prince Rainier's grandfather Prince Louis II of Monaco exiled Rainier's father Prince Pierre from Monaco.
King Christian IV of Denmark's reign of 59 years, 330 days is the longest of Danish monarchs.
In 1962 Queen Louise of Sweden abolished the court presentations. She replaced them with ladies lunches. Professional career women attended the Queen's lunches.
Oh, I like that idea, who won't love to have a beautiful lunch with a Queen in her home? Makes for great memories to last a lifetime.
Louise was a very egalitarian woman. She was Lord Mountbatten?s second sister of course, and also of Princess Andrew (Alice) the mother of Prince Philip, but she believed that she was unrecognised in London and would travel about on public transport when visiting. In case she was knocked over by a car in the street and killed, she kept a piece of paper in her handbag stating (in English of course)
?I am the Queen of Sweden. In case of accidents please consult with the Swedish Embassy immediately.? And she gave contact details!
In 1905 Grand Duke Cyril of Russia and former Grand Duchess Victoria Melita of Hesse and by Rhine wed without the formal approval of King Edward VII of England, as the Royal Marriages act of 1772 would have required.
Quote from: LouisFerdinand on October 24, 2022, 11:01:28 PM
In 1905 Grand Duke Cyril of Russia and former Grand Duchess Victoria Melita of Hesse and by Rhine wed without the formal approval of King Edward VII of England, as the Royal Marriages act of 1772 would have required.
Yes, well she was divorced (from Ernie of Hesse) and the couple were first cousins which was forbidden by the Russian Orthodox Church as well (eventually marrying at Tergensee) so there were several things going on there, of which asking formal permission from Melita?s Uncle Edward probably came way down the list.
Before Pope Pius VI's visit to Austria in 1782, Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II instructed some Austrian monasteries to be closed.
King Afonso Henriques of Portugal
King Afonso I of Portugfal was the first monarch of the Iberian Peninsula to join forces with the Knights Templar.
Afonso of Portugal and the Knights Templar - YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eHDiMHBXkZs)
Was Emperor Maximilian of Mexico's throne in danger because he was viewed as a French puppet?
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Quote from: LouisFerdinand on November 29, 2022, 09:13:41 PM
Was Emperor Maximilian of Mexico's throne in danger because he was viewed as a French puppet?
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Well, I happen to think that Maximilian was a pawn of the French Emperor Napoleon III anyway and got himself into danger by agreeing to the mad plan of the French to install him on the Mexican throne. I think it was a doomed enterprise from the beginning. The US Govt, though involved in a Civil War were determined to enforce the Monroe doctrine about the interference of foreign powers in the Americas, the Juarez administration and many other Mexican republicans didn?t want him there while most Mexican peasants were indifferent.
It needn?t have ended with his death but Maximilian should have listened to his own voice of reason and less to his wife and the French. Once Napoleon realised that the US may well invade he ordered his troops out. They should have taken him with them! And that little adventure in Mexico put more than the Mexican throne in danger. Sedan was only a few years into the future!
Queen Isabella II holding an open copy of the 1812 Cadiz Constitution
Mary Evans Isabella II (1830-1904). Queen of Spain (1833-1868). 10683624 (http://www.maryevans.com/history/Isabella-II-Queen-of-Spain-10683624)
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A YouTube video on a rather obscure but quite important King of Anglo Saxon England, Edward the Elder.
King Edward the Elder - The Architect of Medieval England (899-924 AD) - YouTube (https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=jOWYLpIfT30)
I very much disagree with the title of that article for Edward the Elder was the son of Alfred the Great who worked all his life after becoming king to get rid of the Danes and make England whole as one country. I did some research on Alfred the Great after watching a great series of early England on the TV and that brought him to my attention so that I wanted to know more about him and his family. He had a great daughter also who has gotten lost in time and she was a warrior in her own right. That was the beginning of England not just Edward the Elder.
Quote from: Nightowl on December 20, 2022, 07:01:22 AM
I very much disagree with the title of that article for Edward the Elder was the son of Alfred the Great who worked all his life after becoming king to get rid of the Danes and make England whole as one country. I did some research on Alfred the Great after watching a great series of early England on the TV and that brought him to my attention so that I wanted to know more about him and his family. He had a great daughter also who has gotten lost in time and she was a warrior in her own right. That was the beginning of England not just Edward the Elder.
Yes, Edward the Elder had quite a few daughters who became nuns or lay sisters and the eldest daughter was canonised and became St Edith. Another became St Edburga. Other daughters were married, one, Edgiva, to the King of France. Edhilda?s son became Hugh King of France. Athelstan succeeded his father Edward but never married or had children, unusual for those times! Certainly not like his father!
Sorry for that mistake, I was referring to Alfred the Great's daughter, can't spell her name yet she was a very strong woman who fought the Danes and it was she that got lost in time. I bought couple of books on her recently also. I like this time period of the country developing into a whole and how it survived till now. Royals back there were not rich in material wealth like later in the history of the country. They barely survived winter let alone the Danes. I think back then they the royals and the people were of very strong stock as they say.
I thought Edward had a daughter who was known as Lady of the Mercians because she had married the ruler of Mercia. I can?t remember much about her only that she helped her husband and people in every way possible, was greatly admired and was a very strong woman.
I suppose in those days a lot of things depended on having a good harvest each year, and of course until the Agricultural Revolution of the 18th.century all the animals like pigs, cows etc were slaughtered in the autumn because there was no fodder for them. And the Danes just plundered England so many times. Life was certainly very short and not particularly sweet then.
Yes, that is the daughter I was referring to, she was a very strong woman in her own right and led warriors into battle.....I like her as one of my favorite women in ancient history. Oh times back then, so many deaths early in life, I read somewhere that 40 was an old age then...and also that Alfred had what the medical profession today calls Crones Disease. Back then nobody had even proper health habits like washing yourself daily. Life was very hard and difficult for everyone. Not something I don't think I could survive for sure....Hot and cold running water and flushing toilets are a must have for me.....
Quote from: Nightowl on December 20, 2022, 02:15:55 PM
Yes, that is the daughter I was referring to, she was a very strong woman in her own right and led warriors into battle.....I like her as one of my favorite women in ancient history. Oh times back then, so many deaths early in life, I read somewhere that 40 was an old age then...and also that Alfred had what the medical profession today calls Crones Disease. Back then nobody had even proper health habits like washing yourself daily. Life was very hard and difficult for everyone. Not something I don't think I could survive for sure....Hot and cold running water and flushing toilets are a must have for me.....
Yes, right down to the later 19th century people led much shorter, more dangerous lives than they do today. I?ve always said that if time travel ever came in (lol) I wouldn?t bother staying for too long anywhere earlier than about 1850. The thought that any accident to do with horses or carts or a fall resulting in a broken leg could kill you would be terrible, and I don?t really think a quick wash from a bucket or going to the toilet outside or in a chamber pot would do it for me.
The Triumphal Procession of the Prince of Orange (King Willem II) as the Hero of Waterloo
Allegory of the Triumphal Procession of the Prince of Orange, the Future King Willem II, as the Hero of Waterloo, 1815, Cornelis van Cuylenburgh, (http://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-procession-of-the-prince-of-orange-115905550.html)
Charles XIV was referred to as "King of Sweden and Norway".
In matters relating to Norway, Oscar I was referred to as "King of Norway and Sweden".
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Why Wilhelm I did not want to be German Emperor
Why Wilhelm I Didn't Want To Be German Emperor - YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ixA86Cxn4rU)
Infante Carlos of Portugal (1716-1736) was the son of King John V of Portugal.
Infante Carlos played a guitar.
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How often does a Royal have Samuel as a middle name?
Prince George August Samuel of Nassau-Idstein (1665-1721) was originally Graf of Nassau-Idstein.
A number of electors were opposed to the election of Leopold I as Holy Roman Emperor.
The traditional Habsburg claim to the emperorship was challenged by France.
Hail our King, Hail! is the anthem of the King of Bavaria.
Heil unserm K?nig, Heil! (Hail our King, Hail!) anthem of the Kingdom of Bavaria - YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RJQ5cdRmMoE)
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Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg was the Queen Consort of King Gustav II Adolph of Sweden.
Though she was a German princess and a Swedish queen, she did not properly write German or Swedish.
She spoke and most often wrote in French, which was the court language.
Archduke Johann of Austria (1782-1859) was the son of Holy Roman Emperor Leopold II.
He was interested in the history and geography of the Alpine countries.
Juan de Austria, El Archiduque Alpinista que se Enamor? de los Bellos Paisajes del Tirol y Estiria. - YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=axnlKlJ9gaQ)
Maria Theresa of Austria was crowned Queen of Hungary on June 25, 1741.
Maria Theresa's coronation (Maria Theresia, 2017) - YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cVVYvTTWMDI)
The White Egg was an Easter 1913 gift for Tsarina Marie Feodorovna.
Imperial Faberg? egg ?Winter? or The Winter Egg (Art Interpretation and Explanation) - YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6E8WSP_zEJQ)
Eleanor of Brittany (1275-1342) was the sixteenth abbess of Fontevrault.
She was the daughter of Duke John II of Brittany and Beatrice of England.
In 1290 she moved to Fontevrault Abbey in France. She took her vows and became a nun in March 1291.
King Stephen of England and the Pope had disagreed for some years over the installation
to York of the papal candidate, Henry Murdac. In order to mollify the Pope, Queen Matilda of Boulogne persuaded Stephen to accept Murdoc.
Mainly because the rival for the archbishopry was William of York, who was named archbishop twice but had never been approved by the pope.
William's father was chancellor to Henry I, and his mother Emma was believed to be the ilegitimate half-sister of King Stephen (through his dad). Both of Emma's half brothers Stephen and Henry, Bishop of Winchester were strong supporters of his placement as Archbishop.
The main reason Stephen stopped opposing Henry as Archbishop was Henry agreed to try and get Papal backing for Eustace to be named heir to the English throne.
After having been placed in the Abbey of the Holy Trinity of Caen, Cecily of Normandy,
the daughter of King Williiam I of England, was educated by the abbess Matilda.
The House of Vasa was founded in 1523 in Sweden.
After the abolition of the Kalmar Union, Gustav Eriksson Vasa became King Gustav I of Sweden in 1523.
How is Charles III Related to Every British King and Queen? - YouTube (https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=2OQH9HfIt0M)
This YouTube piece is quite interesting. It rushes through the relationship our new monarch Charles III has (or doesn?t) with every single English/British monarch since and including William the Conquerer. It?s sometimes quite amusing, and I learned a few things from it.
The Royal Family
King George V kept a diary throughout his life, writing on his Coronation day in 1911, ''Today was indeed a great & memorable day in our lives & one which we can never forget, but it brought back to me many sad memories of 9 years ago when the beloved Parents were crowned.''
(https://pbs.twimg.com/media/Fu3gWvhXgAE_PyG?format=jpg&name=small)
In 1902, when The Prince of Wales, George V reflected on his parents?, King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra?s, Coronation day:
?It was most beautifully done & the singing & music very fine, and it was a magnificent spectacle.?
(https://pbs.twimg.com/media/Fu3gybYWAAYj80n?format=jpg&name=small)
Queen Victoria wrote a lengthy entry in her diary following her Coronation in 1838.
''It was a fine day & the crowds of people exceeded what I have ever seen...I really cannot say how proud I felt to be the Queen of such a nation.''
(https://pbs.twimg.com/media/Fu3hJDoWYAMbhtG?format=jpg&name=small)
(https://pbs.twimg.com/media/Fu3hJEdXwAQzfq1?format=jpg&name=small)
(https://pbs.twimg.com/media/Fu3hJFvX0AI9VAK?format=jpg&name=small)
(https://pbs.twimg.com/media/Fu3hJGqXwAA6tlr?format=jpg&name=small)
King Charles X Gustav of Sweden with Frederick William of Brandenburg
in the Battle of Warsaw in 1656
Charles X Gustav, 8.11.1622 - 23 2.1660, King of Sweden 16.6.1654 - 23.2.1660, with Frederick William of Brandenburg in the Battle of Warsaw, 28.- (http://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-charles-x-gustav-47943721.html)
Frederick Augustus III of Saxony was the last King of Saxony.
He reigned from 1904 to 1918.
The Life of His Majesty The King Frederick Augustus III of Saxony - (1865 ?1932) - YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CecSTQSA7UE)
How often does a Princess have the middle name of Ferdinanda?
Maria Antonia of Spain (1729-1785) was Queen of Sardinia by marriage to
King Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia. She was Maria Antonia Ferdinanda.
Emperor Napoleon III of France was interested in marrying Eugenie, Countess of Teba.
Many were dead set against the marriage, among them being ex-King Jerome and
Drouyn de Lhuys, Minister for Foreign Affairs.
Ex-King Jerome would have preferred the Emperor to remain single, thus leaving
the succession in the hands of King Jerome's son, Prince Napoleon.
It was not until Rainier III of Monaco's grandfather named Rainier's mother
Princess Charlotte of Monaco heir presumptive that little Rainier got his royal titles.
Quote from: LouisFerdinand on August 14, 2023, 11:11:22 PM
It was not until Rainier III of Monaco's grandfather named Rainier's mother
Princess Charlotte of Monaco heir presumptive that little Rainier got his royal titles.
That was because Charlotte was born illegitimate (her mother was a cabaret singer who had a brief affair with Prince Louis) and there were legal and dynastic questions over her being heir presumptive. It was supposedly solved by Prince Louis, who had no other heirs, formally adopting her.
There remains a huge question mark over the legalities of the adoption, to say the least, and it probably wouldn?t have been acceptable in any other dynastic royal House at that time.
Then Charlotte appears to have been forced into a ?suitable? marriage with a man who turned out to be homosexual. The marriage, like so many among Monaco royals went pearshaped quite soon and there was a divorce (she was living with her lover at the time.) Regardless of his royal titles Rainier III seems to have had a very strange and rather unhappy upbringing.
Did Emma of Normandy's marriage cause the Norman invasion of England?
Queen Of England TWICE - And A Cause Of The Norman Invasion? | Emma of Normandy - YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KBdmpRCUq0c)
Queen Marie Leszczynska of France was the longest serving French Queen Consort.
Queen Marie Leszczy?ska of France | The Longest Serving French Queen Consort | Royal History - YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ri-exJYzyxI)
Sverker I was King of Sweden from 1132 to 1156. He based much of his royal authority on the patronage of the Church.
Infanta Maria Antonia Ferdinanda of Spain married Victor Amadeus, Duke of Savoy by proxy in Madrid, Spain on April 12, 1750.
A video which features background information on the eleven women who have held the title Princess of Wales.
ALL THE PRINCESSES OF WALES | History of royal women | famous royal women | History Calling - YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-6f1WmRs-v8)
King Maximilian II of Bavaria saw that Crown Prince Ludwig (King Ludwig II)
had a strict upbringing. At one point, all of Ludwig's toys were taken away.
Duchess Therese of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (1773-1839) was the wife of Karl Alexander, 5th Prince of Thurn and Taxis. With the help of her aunt and uncle, Queen Charlotte and King George III
of England, Therese was able to keep her Protestant faith.
Princess Theresa of Bavaria (1850-1925) wrote Reisestudien aus dem westlichen
Sudamerika (Study Trips to the western part of South America) in 1908.
Holy Roman Emperor Charlemagne worshipped at the church at Aix-la-Chapelle
which he had built. He went morning and evening, even at night, besides attending Mass.
Alexander the Great founding Alexandria
Alexander the Great Founding Alexandria Stock Photo - Alamy (http://www.alamy.com/alexander-the-great-founding-alexandria-image68141506.html)
Why is King Edmund II referred to as Ironside?
Why is Edmund II, Ironside? - YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yAfETv-xZjk)
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In Anne of Hanover, Princess of Orange (http://www.thoughtco.com/anne-of-hanover-princess-of-orange-4049316)
She (Princess Anne) was always treated with some suspicion by the Dutch citizenry.
Why would the Dutch citizenry be suspicious of Princess Anne?
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The city of Augsburg paid homage to King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden in 1632.
The city of Augsburg pays homage to Gustavus Adolphus of ? stock image | Look and Learn (http://www.lookandlearn.com/history-images/M565512)
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King Leopold II of Belgium at the Elysee Palace in Paris, France
Leopold II, King of the Belgians, at the Elysee Palace, Paris stock image | Look and Learn (http://www.lookandlearn.com/history-images/M530380)
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Queen Wilhelmina of The Netherlands visited Oxford University.
Queen Wilhelmina visiting Oxford University free public domain image | Look and Learn (http://www.lookandlearn.com/history-images/YR0365661)
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Visit of French President Felix Faure to Russia in 1897
Visit of French President Felix Faure to Russia, 1897 stock image | Look and Learn (http://www.lookandlearn.com/history-images/M185802)
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Queen Marie Henriette of Belgium inspected the Volunteers at Brussels in 1866.
The King and Queen of the Belgians inspecting the Volunteers ? stock image | Look and Learn (http://www.lookandlearn.com/history-images/U255696)
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On Christmsas Day 800 Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne Holy Roman Emperor.
Charlemagne crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Leo III, Rome, 800 stock image | Look and Learn (http://www.lookandlearn.com/history-images/M550841)
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The Glorification of the Royal Hungarian Saints
The Glorification of the Royal Hungarian Saints free public domain image | Look and Learn (http://www.lookandlearn.com/history-images/YM0439117)
Arrival of Queen Maria Christina at the Royal Palace, Madrid 1847
Arrival of Queen Christina at the Royal Palace, Madrid stock image | Look and Learn (http://www.lookandlearn.com/history-images/U243187)
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Balthild (626-680) was Queen of Neustria. She married King Clovis II in 649.
In her old age she retired to a convent. She personally cared for the sick and poor.
Dowager Queen Hedwig Eleonora of Sweden was considered as a possible wife for King Charles II of England.
However she refused Charles II by saying she wished to be faithful to her deceased husband.
President John Kennedy of the United States met with Prince of Laos
President John Kennedy meets with the Prince of Laos at the White... News Photo - Getty Images (http://www.gettyimages.com/license/515512774)
What special significance do royal middle names hold?
The Royal Family's Middle Names Mean More Than You Realized - YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_D9qd_3pcGI)
Antique 1913 Enameled 830 Silver Sverige Souvenir Spoon
King Gustav V of Sweden
Antique 1913 Enameled Swedish 830 Silver Sverige Souvenir Spoon King Gustav V - Etsy | White enamel, Vintage lockets, Antique silver (http://www.pinterest.com/pin/155303887319766120)
King Oscar II of Sweden at the Grand Prix de Paris
The King of Sweden and Norway at the Grand Prix de Paris stock image | Look and Learn (http://www.lookandlearn.com/history-images/U274824)
King Karl IX of Sweden has been called the "peasant king" as he relied for tactical reasons on the peasant estate.
Karin Mansdotter became Queen Consort of Sweden as the wife of King Eric XIV.
The Swedish Cinderella Who Went From Royal Mistress To Royal Wife | Karin M?nsdotter - YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-qEkdUTpGR4)
King Leopold III of Belgium at the Camp of Beverloo
King Leopold Iii (1930-1939) - YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tpCtdr5mZiw)
Through his mother King Christian I of Denmark was a cognatic descendant of King Eric V
of Denmark through his second daughter Richeza (died 1308) and a cognatic descendant
of King Abel of Denmark through his daughter Sophie.
King Pepin, King of the Franks, talking with Pope Stephen II in 754
King Pepin, king of the Franks, talking with Pope Stephen II, 754 stock image | Look and Learn (http://www.lookandlearn.com/history-images/M005262)
Europe's longest reigning monarchs from 1600 to 2020
When the army withdrew its support from King Alfonso XIII, he was forced to leave Spain (April 14, 1931).
However, he refused to abdicate the throne.
Did King Alfonso XIII legally abdicate the throne?
Quote from: LouisFerdinand on March 04, 2024, 11:04:56 PMWhen the army withdrew its support from King Alfonso XIII, he was forced to leave Spain (April 14, 1931).
However, he refused to abdicate the throne.
Did King Alfonso XIII legally abdicate the throne?
Not in an official sense, no. However PM De Rivera's inept and deeply unpopular Govt fell in 1930 and the ex PM died in exile in Paris later that year. It was Alfonzo's support of the de Rivera Govt and its measures that cost Alfonzo whatever popularity he had left among the populace.
Various provincial and municipal elections occurred in Spain early in 1931 showing a pro-republican stance, and a very restive and resentful public, riven by huge differences and already lurching towards a civil war though that did not break out for nearly five years. Therefore Alfonzo and his family left and he never returned. He did not renounce the throne until WW2 and early 1941, shortly before his death. Two of his sons had already done so.
Did the parents of Empress Elisabeth of Austria have a happy marriage?
What were the middle names of King Christian IX of Denmark?
Quote from: LouisFerdinand on March 23, 2024, 02:10:03 AMWhat were the middle names of King Christian IX of Denmark?
Well, he was of course born a prince of the Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg line, a junior branch of the family which had ruled Denmark for centuries. He was chosen to be king after the most senior line of the Family became extinct in the early 1860s, and so he assumed the throne upon the death of King Frederik VII.
All this was massively in the future in 1818 when he was born, and it's doubtful that anyone present at his baptism in the family castle in Schleswig-Holstein even contemplated a fate like that for the Duke's son, the little princeling.
He certainly wasn't baptised Christian, that name came by custom after he followed a Frederik to the Danish throne. I believe he was given the names Frederich (or Frederik) Wilhelm at his christening but the relevant reference books of mine are stashed away elsewhere at the moment so I can't check.
Michelle Anches claimed to have been the Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna of Russia.
http://www.alchetron.com/Michelle-Anches
Quote from: LouisFerdinand on April 13, 2024, 11:03:01 PMMichelle Anches claimed to have been the Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna of Russia.
http://www.alchetron.com/Michelle-Anches
Michelle was one of those obscure and unsuccessful claimants who stated they were one or another of Tsar Nicholas's daughters who had survived the mass assassination at Ekaterinburg. There were several such deluded or crafty persons.
Who knows, had she not died in 1925, Michelle may have rivalled the mentally ill Anna Anderson with her Anastasia impersonation, who was much more notorious. The two could have met and had tea together, perhaps!
It's all a moot point anyway, as all the bodily remains found decades later had DNA that identified them as Romanovs and Nicholas and Alexandra's family. None of the family were missing.
Crowds on the streets of Paris greeted King Louis XI as he arrived from Burgundy to claim his kingdom after the demise of his father King Charles VII of France.
http://www.lookandlearn.com/history-images/M370304
Why did Portuguese law forbade Queen Maria I of Portugal from marrying a foreign prince?
Quote from: LouisFerdinand on April 18, 2024, 10:20:18 PMWhy did Portuguese law forbade Queen Maria I of Portugal from marrying a foreign prince?
Because women were regarded as 'the weaker vessel'in those days and a Queen would be a puppet to any foreigner with ambitions to direct Portuegese foreign policy etc. So instead, Maria kept it in the family and followed the totally disgusting Hapsburg custom of marrying close relatives, in her case her uncle, her father's younger brother. They were reasonably happily married though.
After the accession of the House of Oldenburg to the Danish throne in 1448, the Danish coronations were held in St. Mary's Cathedral (Church of Our Lady) in Copenhagen.
http://www.ansharimages.com/photo/church-of-our-lady-in-copenhagen-denmark
Quote from: LouisFerdinand on April 24, 2024, 09:40:36 PMAfter the accession of the House of Oldenburg to the Danish throne in 1448, the Danish coronations were held in St. Mary's Cathedral (Church of Our Lady) in Copenhagen.
http://www.ansharimages.com/photo/church-of-our-lady-in-copenhagen-denmark
I must say, and this is just my own personal taste, I do prefer the Gothic architecture in churches and cathedrals to the Italianate (neo classical), even though St Paul's in London is magnificent.
Christian III (who, somewhat surprisingly was educated as a Lutheran) changed the religion of the country and after 1536 the DRF joined many of their poorer subjects and became Lutherans. They haven't changed since.
On April 25, 1284 ~ Birth of King Edward II of England at Caernarvon Castle in Wales. He was the first English Prince of Wales.
King Frederick II of Prussia undertook the first written history of King Charles IX of Sweden.
Archduchess Assunta of Austria (1902-1993) entered religious life in the convent of Santa Teresa de Tortosa in Barcelona, Spain. However, in 1936 she was forced to leave it due to disturbances during the Spanish Civil War.
King Leopold III of Belgium in England in 1937